Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) the northern-most Union Territory of India has assumed significant importance for national security as it shares borders with Pakistan, China and Afghanistan. The boundary as well as the UT status of the state has been disputed by China and Pakistan. The Union Territory consists of two regions – Jammu and the Kashmir valley. The UT which was designated as such from a State on 05 August 2019 has seen a long drawn Pakistan supported insurgency for the past three decades since 1989. Prior to 05 August, Union Territory retained a special status within the union government of India. Unlike the rest of the states, bound by the Indian constitution, it followed a modified version of constitution which affirmed integrity of the state within the Republic of India as per Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Ministry of Home Affairs Department of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh Affairs deals with the UTs administration of the Armed Forces(J&K) Special Powers Act,1990 (21 of 1990) and all matters relating to the UTs, including Counter-terrorism within Jammu and Kashmir and coordination in respect of subjects/matters specifically allotted to any other Ministry/Department like coordination with Ministry of Defence as regards manning and managing the line of control between India and Pakistan, but excluding those with which the Ministry of External Affairs is concerned. The Department also coordinates with various Ministries/Departments, primarily concerned with development and welfare activities in Jammu,Kashmir & Ladakh and being a Union Territory is closely involved in overall management of security after it was transformed from a state.